NSW 2711 Census 2021 + Live DA Data

Hay

At 47, Hay's median age sits 7 years above the national figure, while its 2,300 residents occupy a very low-density area of 1.2 people per square kilometre. Compared with larger Riverina towns such as Deniliquin and Balranald, Hay has a more settled rural profile, with 83.1% of residents staying at the same address and 91.3% of homes being separate houses. A 16.9% vacancy rate is high, and household income ranks at the 22nd percentile nationally. The combination of older residents, detached housing and agriculture, education and public administration employment gives Hay a practical service-town character rather than a growth-corridor feel.

Local council: Hay

Hay urban fabric map

Population

2,300

Median Age

47.0

Household IncomeiMedian weekly household income (ABS Census)

$1,152/wk

DAs (12 months)iDevelopment Applications lodged in the past year

56

1946.92 km²· 1.2 people/km²· Family income $1,581/wk

Hay suits buyers seeking detached housing, manageable repayments and a quieter rural setting. Separate houses account for 91.3% of dwellings, much higher than the 8.4% semi-detached share, while 3-bedroom homes make up 46.4%, ahead of 4-plus-bedroom properties at 33.1%. The typical monthly mortgage is $867, compared with weekly rent of $175, and mortgage costs equal 17.4% of household income versus 15.2% for rent. With 43.4% of homes owned outright and 24.9% owned with a mortgage, the market has a higher owner presence than renter presence. Buyers should still inspect flood exposure, maintenance needs and resale depth because the population is only 2,300.

For Buyers

Hay suits buyers seeking detached housing, manageable repayments and a quieter rural setting. Separate houses account for 91.3% of dwellings, much higher than the 8.4% semi-detached share, while 3-bedroom homes make up 46.4%, ahead of 4-plus-bedroom properties at 33.1%. The typical monthly mortgage is $867, compared with weekly rent of $175, and mortgage costs equal 17.4% of household income versus 15.2% for rent. With 43.4% of homes owned outright and 24.9% owned with a mortgage, the market has a higher owner presence than renter presence. Buyers should still inspect flood exposure, maintenance needs and resale depth because the population is only 2,300.

For Investors

Hay offers low weekly rents at $175 and a substantial renter segment of 29.2%, but the 16.9% vacancy rate is high and should temper assumptions about immediate rental competition. Ownership is higher than renting, with 43.4% owned outright and 24.9% mortgaged, so tenant demand is narrower than in a strongly rental-oriented market. Development activity reached 54 applications in 12 months, which may create opportunities for renovations, subdivisions or additional dwellings, but could also add future supply. The annual growth trend is 2.14%, with overseas migration identified as the primary driver. Investors should prioritise verified tenant demand, property condition and holding costs because vacancy risk matters more than headline rent.

Development Activity

Total DAs

218

Last 12 Months

56

YoY ChangeiYear-over-year change in DA lodgements

+14.3%

Avg DA CostiAverage estimated cost per DA in the past year

N/A

Monthly DA Lodgements

DA Categories

Garage / Carport / Shed
30
Renovation / Extension
17
New Dwelling
11
Subdivision
10
Demolition
8
Commercial / Industrial
6
Swimming Pool / Spa
4
Solar / Energy
4

Schools in Hay

Open-register school locations for education access. This is not a school-quality ranking.

Hay Public School

Primary School Government
School website

Hay War Memorial High School

Secondary School Government
School website

Demographics

Hay has an older resident base, with a median age of 47, or 7 years above the national figure. University attainment is 12.5%, which is 17.6 percentage points below the national comparison, while the overseas-born share is 8.0%, 13.6 points below nationally. Compared with the broader Australian profile, households are smaller at 2.2 people, or 0.3 below the national average. Residential stability is notable: 83.1% stayed at the same address and turnover was 16.9%. English ancestry is the largest reported group at 964 people, followed by Irish at 221 and Scottish at 216. Christianity accounts for 1,407 people and no religion for 565, reflecting an established population with modest recent migration.

Age Distribution

0-14
16.5%
15-24
11.7%
25-44
19.2%
45-64
28.1%
65+
24.5%

Bedrooms

Studio/1br
3.1%
2 bed
17.4%
3 bed
46.4%
4+ bed
33.1%

Dwelling Structure

91.3%

Houses

8.4%

Townhouse

0.0%

Apartment

Tenure

Own 43.4% Mortgage 24.9% Rent 29.2% Other 2.5%

Hay's housing stock is heavily owner-occupied and detached. Outright ownership at 43.4% plus mortgage ownership at 24.9% totals 68.3%, higher than the 29.2% renting share. Separate houses dominate at 91.3%, compared with 8.4% semi-detached dwellings, while 3-bedroom homes lead at 46.4%, ahead of 4-plus-bedroom homes at 33.1%. Two-bedroom properties account for 17.4% and 0-to-1-bedroom homes for 3.1%. The typical mortgage is $867 per month and rent is $175 per week, with mortgage-to-income at 17.4% and rent-to-income at 15.2%. A 16.9% vacancy rate is high for a small market, because excess availability can reduce urgency for both buyers and tenants.

Mortgage / mo

$867

Rent / wkiABS Census 2021 median across all dwelling types. Current market rents are typically higher.

$175

Census 2021

HH Size

2.2

Personal Income / wk

$669

Vacancy Ratei% of dwellings unoccupied on Census night (ABS 2021)

16.9%

Unoccupied

183

Rent / IncomeiMedian rent as % of household income. Over 30% = housing stress

15.2%

Mortgage / IncomeiMedian mortgage as % of household income. Over 30% = housing stress

17.4%

Community Profile

Ancestry

English
964
Ancestry NS
268
Irish
221
Scottish
216
Other
81
Italian
72

Household Composition

34.1%

Couples with children

44.6%

Couples, no children

19.8%

Single parent

590

Total families

Economy & Employment

Hay's employment base is spread across agriculture at 14.8% and 72 workers, education at 14.4% and 70, construction at 13.2% and 64, healthcare at 12.6% and 61, and public administration at 10.9% and 53. This sector mix helps explain why labourers, trades workers and managers are the leading occupation groups, at 178, 160 and 149 people respectively. Unemployment is 4.7%, participation is 54.0% and the full-time employment rate is 59.3%. Household income sits at the 22nd percentile, while the Education and Occupation decile is 2, lower than the Economic Resources decile of 3. IRSD and IRSAD also rank at decile 3, indicating weaker socioeconomic conditions than higher-decile regional centres.

Unemployment

4.7%

Labour Force

1,037

Unemployed

49

Source: ABS Census 2021

Socio-Economic Indexes (SEIFA)iABS index ranking suburbs from 1 (most disadvantaged) to 10 (most advantaged)

Overall advantage
3
Disadvantage
3
Economic resources
3
Education & occupation
2

Full-time

59.3%

Part-time

33.5%

Participation

54.0%

Employed

988

Full-time and part-time are shares of the employed. Source: ABS Census 2021

Occupations

Labourers 178
Trades 160
Managers 149
Community/Personal 109
Clerical/Admin 108
Professionals 94
Sales 86
Machinery/Drivers 81

Top Industries

Agriculture 14.8%
Education 14.4%
Construction 13.2%
Healthcare 12.6%
Public Admin 10.9%

University

12.5%

Postgraduate

1.8%

Born Overseas

8.0%

Dwellings

909

Transport to Work

Hay provides a compact service-town lifestyle across a very large 1,946.92 square kilometre area, with density of only 1.2 people per square kilometre. Two local government schools cover primary and secondary education, giving families access to both stages locally; enrolment zones should be checked against the exact address. Daily mobility is car-led, with 73.0% driving compared with 11.7% walking or cycling and 8.7% working from home. That pattern is higher for car use than active transport because distances and service access are shaped by the town's low density. An IRSAD decile of 3 places Hay below higher-resource areas, so residents may value local services, healthcare access and community facilities more than extensive metropolitan amenity.

Drive

73.0%

Public Transport

N/A

Walk / Cycle

11.7%

Work from Home

8.7%

Growth Outlook

Hay's forecast trend is 2.14% annually, higher than its -4.6% rent growth, suggesting population momentum has not yet translated into stronger rents. The primary growth driver is Overseas migration, while the trajectory is labelled Mixed. Population change across the wider area is 31.5% over 10 years. Gentrification signals remain limited but present: the gentrification score is 36 at the Early signs stage, while the broader shift measure scores 45 and is classified Active. Affordability improved from 152.2 in 2011 to 75.7 in 2021, which can support demand, although the older age profile may moderate the pace. Hay also recovered from a -6.8% COVID dip, followed by 16.9% recovery.

Population trend: Hay council area

Hay sits in the Hay council area. These are the council area's residents, not Hay's.

Residents 2025

2,899

Growth, 5 yr average

-0.1%/yr

2020 to 2025

Growth, last year

+1.1%

2024 to 2025

ABS Estimated Resident Population by LGA, 30 June each year; council area, not this suburb

National Ranking iPercentile rank among ~15,000 AU suburbs. 90% = higher than 90% of suburbs

How Hay compares to ~15,000 Australian suburbs

Population
Top 20%
Household Income
Bottom 22%
Rent Level
Bottom 26%
Apartments
Bottom 0%
Renters
Top 22%
Uni Educated
Bottom 11%
Born Overseas
Bottom 19%
Density
Bottom 31%

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Hay a good suburb to live in?

Hay can suit people seeking detached housing, lower-density living and a stable rural community. The median age is 47, 91.3% of homes are separate houses and 83.1% of residents stayed at the same address. Car dependence is high at 73.0%, so lifestyle fit depends on access to local services and willingness to drive.

What is the median house price in Hay?

A current median house price should be confirmed using recent settled sales and local agent evidence. Hay's housing context includes 91.3% separate houses, a typical monthly mortgage of $867 and weekly rent of $175. Those figures help assess affordability, but they should not be treated as a substitute for a current sale-price median.

What schools are in Hay?

Hay has 2 government schools serving the main stages of schooling: 1 primary school and 1 secondary school. Families should confirm the enrolment zone for the exact property address, especially where travel arrangements matter. The local school structure suits families wanting primary and high school access within the town.

Is Hay safe?

A safety decision should rely on current local incident information rather than population size alone. Hay has 2,300 residents and a density of 1.2 people per square kilometre, which describes a small, spread-out setting but does not establish crime risk. Check recent NSW Police information and speak with local residents before choosing a property.

Is Hay good for property investment?

Hay may suit investors comfortable with a small regional market, but the 16.9% vacancy rate is a material risk beside weekly rent of $175. The renter share is 29.2%, development activity reached 54 applications in 12 months and the annual growth trend is 2.14%. Verify tenant demand, maintenance costs and resale liquidity before buying.

How is Hay's population changing?

Population change across the wider area is forecast at 31.5% over 10 years, with an annual trend of 2.14%. Overseas migration is identified as the primary driver, but the trajectory is Mixed. Hay also recovered from a -6.8% COVID dip, while gentrification remains at the Early signs stage with a score of 36.

What development is happening in Hay?

Hay recorded 54 development applications in the past 12 months. Recent examples include 2 subdivision applications and alterations to an existing building involving a balcony, deck, patio, terrace or verandah. Buyers should check council approvals, servicing and any proposed changes near a property before committing.

How to read these comparisons

Phrases like "above the national average" reference the unweighted median across Australian suburbs with more than 1,000 residents, not population-weighted national figures. Suburb-level medians are more useful for ranking suburbs against each other; ABS census headlines are population-weighted (so dominated by Sydney and Melbourne) and can read very differently.

Current baseline (refreshed 2026-05-10): median age 40, university-educated 30.1%, born overseas 21.6%, average household size 2.5 people.

Data sources: ABS 2021 Census (demographics, income, tenure), state education open registers (school locations), state Crime Statistics agencies (offences), council DA portals (development applications).

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